Integrand size = 19, antiderivative size = 111 \[ \int \cot ^8(c+d x) (a+b \sec (c+d x)) \, dx=a x-\frac {\cot ^7(c+d x) (a+b \sec (c+d x))}{7 d}+\frac {\cot ^5(c+d x) (7 a+6 b \sec (c+d x))}{35 d}+\frac {\cot (c+d x) (35 a+16 b \sec (c+d x))}{35 d}-\frac {\cot ^3(c+d x) (35 a+24 b \sec (c+d x))}{105 d} \]
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Time = 0.15 (sec) , antiderivative size = 111, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 5, number of rules used = 2, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.105, Rules used = {3967, 8} \[ \int \cot ^8(c+d x) (a+b \sec (c+d x)) \, dx=-\frac {\cot ^7(c+d x) (a+b \sec (c+d x))}{7 d}+\frac {\cot ^5(c+d x) (7 a+6 b \sec (c+d x))}{35 d}-\frac {\cot ^3(c+d x) (35 a+24 b \sec (c+d x))}{105 d}+\frac {\cot (c+d x) (35 a+16 b \sec (c+d x))}{35 d}+a x \]
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Rule 8
Rule 3967
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = -\frac {\cot ^7(c+d x) (a+b \sec (c+d x))}{7 d}+\frac {1}{7} \int \cot ^6(c+d x) (-7 a-6 b \sec (c+d x)) \, dx \\ & = -\frac {\cot ^7(c+d x) (a+b \sec (c+d x))}{7 d}+\frac {\cot ^5(c+d x) (7 a+6 b \sec (c+d x))}{35 d}+\frac {1}{35} \int \cot ^4(c+d x) (35 a+24 b \sec (c+d x)) \, dx \\ & = -\frac {\cot ^7(c+d x) (a+b \sec (c+d x))}{7 d}+\frac {\cot ^5(c+d x) (7 a+6 b \sec (c+d x))}{35 d}-\frac {\cot ^3(c+d x) (35 a+24 b \sec (c+d x))}{105 d}+\frac {1}{105} \int \cot ^2(c+d x) (-105 a-48 b \sec (c+d x)) \, dx \\ & = -\frac {\cot ^7(c+d x) (a+b \sec (c+d x))}{7 d}+\frac {\cot ^5(c+d x) (7 a+6 b \sec (c+d x))}{35 d}+\frac {\cot (c+d x) (35 a+16 b \sec (c+d x))}{35 d}-\frac {\cot ^3(c+d x) (35 a+24 b \sec (c+d x))}{105 d}+\frac {1}{105} \int 105 a \, dx \\ & = a x-\frac {\cot ^7(c+d x) (a+b \sec (c+d x))}{7 d}+\frac {\cot ^5(c+d x) (7 a+6 b \sec (c+d x))}{35 d}+\frac {\cot (c+d x) (35 a+16 b \sec (c+d x))}{35 d}-\frac {\cot ^3(c+d x) (35 a+24 b \sec (c+d x))}{105 d} \\ \end{align*}
Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 5 vs. order 3 in optimal.
Time = 0.03 (sec) , antiderivative size = 92, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.83 \[ \int \cot ^8(c+d x) (a+b \sec (c+d x)) \, dx=\frac {b \csc (c+d x)}{d}-\frac {b \csc ^3(c+d x)}{d}+\frac {3 b \csc ^5(c+d x)}{5 d}-\frac {b \csc ^7(c+d x)}{7 d}-\frac {a \cot ^7(c+d x) \operatorname {Hypergeometric2F1}\left (-\frac {7}{2},1,-\frac {5}{2},-\tan ^2(c+d x)\right )}{7 d} \]
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Time = 1.69 (sec) , antiderivative size = 162, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.46
method | result | size |
derivativedivides | \(\frac {a \left (-\frac {\cot \left (d x +c \right )^{7}}{7}+\frac {\cot \left (d x +c \right )^{5}}{5}-\frac {\cot \left (d x +c \right )^{3}}{3}+\cot \left (d x +c \right )+d x +c \right )+b \left (-\frac {\cos \left (d x +c \right )^{8}}{7 \sin \left (d x +c \right )^{7}}+\frac {\cos \left (d x +c \right )^{8}}{35 \sin \left (d x +c \right )^{5}}-\frac {\cos \left (d x +c \right )^{8}}{35 \sin \left (d x +c \right )^{3}}+\frac {\cos \left (d x +c \right )^{8}}{7 \sin \left (d x +c \right )}+\frac {\left (\frac {16}{5}+\cos \left (d x +c \right )^{6}+\frac {6 \cos \left (d x +c \right )^{4}}{5}+\frac {8 \cos \left (d x +c \right )^{2}}{5}\right ) \sin \left (d x +c \right )}{7}\right )}{d}\) | \(162\) |
default | \(\frac {a \left (-\frac {\cot \left (d x +c \right )^{7}}{7}+\frac {\cot \left (d x +c \right )^{5}}{5}-\frac {\cot \left (d x +c \right )^{3}}{3}+\cot \left (d x +c \right )+d x +c \right )+b \left (-\frac {\cos \left (d x +c \right )^{8}}{7 \sin \left (d x +c \right )^{7}}+\frac {\cos \left (d x +c \right )^{8}}{35 \sin \left (d x +c \right )^{5}}-\frac {\cos \left (d x +c \right )^{8}}{35 \sin \left (d x +c \right )^{3}}+\frac {\cos \left (d x +c \right )^{8}}{7 \sin \left (d x +c \right )}+\frac {\left (\frac {16}{5}+\cos \left (d x +c \right )^{6}+\frac {6 \cos \left (d x +c \right )^{4}}{5}+\frac {8 \cos \left (d x +c \right )^{2}}{5}\right ) \sin \left (d x +c \right )}{7}\right )}{d}\) | \(162\) |
risch | \(a x +\frac {2 i \left (105 b \,{\mathrm e}^{13 i \left (d x +c \right )}+420 a \,{\mathrm e}^{12 i \left (d x +c \right )}-210 b \,{\mathrm e}^{11 i \left (d x +c \right )}-1260 a \,{\mathrm e}^{10 i \left (d x +c \right )}+903 b \,{\mathrm e}^{9 i \left (d x +c \right )}+3080 a \,{\mathrm e}^{8 i \left (d x +c \right )}-636 b \,{\mathrm e}^{7 i \left (d x +c \right )}-3080 a \,{\mathrm e}^{6 i \left (d x +c \right )}+903 b \,{\mathrm e}^{5 i \left (d x +c \right )}+2436 a \,{\mathrm e}^{4 i \left (d x +c \right )}-210 b \,{\mathrm e}^{3 i \left (d x +c \right )}-812 a \,{\mathrm e}^{2 i \left (d x +c \right )}+105 b \,{\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}+176 a \right )}{105 d \left ({\mathrm e}^{2 i \left (d x +c \right )}-1\right )^{7}}\) | \(184\) |
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Time = 0.28 (sec) , antiderivative size = 179, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.61 \[ \int \cot ^8(c+d x) (a+b \sec (c+d x)) \, dx=\frac {176 \, a \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{7} + 105 \, b \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{6} - 406 \, a \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{5} - 210 \, b \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{4} + 350 \, a \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{3} + 168 \, b \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - 105 \, a \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 105 \, {\left (a d x \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{6} - 3 \, a d x \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{4} + 3 \, a d x \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - a d x\right )} \sin \left (d x + c\right ) - 48 \, b}{105 \, {\left (d \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{6} - 3 \, d \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{4} + 3 \, d \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - d\right )} \sin \left (d x + c\right )} \]
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\[ \int \cot ^8(c+d x) (a+b \sec (c+d x)) \, dx=\int \left (a + b \sec {\left (c + d x \right )}\right ) \cot ^{8}{\left (c + d x \right )}\, dx \]
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Time = 0.29 (sec) , antiderivative size = 100, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.90 \[ \int \cot ^8(c+d x) (a+b \sec (c+d x)) \, dx=\frac {{\left (105 \, d x + 105 \, c + \frac {105 \, \tan \left (d x + c\right )^{6} - 35 \, \tan \left (d x + c\right )^{4} + 21 \, \tan \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - 15}{\tan \left (d x + c\right )^{7}}\right )} a + \frac {3 \, {\left (35 \, \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{6} - 35 \, \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{4} + 21 \, \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - 5\right )} b}{\sin \left (d x + c\right )^{7}}}{105 \, d} \]
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Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 225 vs. \(2 (103) = 206\).
Time = 0.37 (sec) , antiderivative size = 225, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.03 \[ \int \cot ^8(c+d x) (a+b \sec (c+d x)) \, dx=\frac {15 \, a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{7} - 15 \, b \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{7} - 189 \, a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{5} + 147 \, b \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{5} + 1295 \, a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{3} - 735 \, b \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{3} + 13440 \, {\left (d x + c\right )} a - 9765 \, a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) + 3675 \, b \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) + \frac {9765 \, a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{6} + 3675 \, b \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{6} - 1295 \, a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{4} - 735 \, b \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{4} + 189 \, a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{2} + 147 \, b \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{2} - 15 \, a - 15 \, b}{\tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{7}}}{13440 \, d} \]
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Time = 14.66 (sec) , antiderivative size = 174, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.57 \[ \int \cot ^8(c+d x) (a+b \sec (c+d x)) \, dx=a\,x+\frac {{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^3\,\left (\frac {37\,a}{384}-\frac {7\,b}{128}\right )}{d}-\frac {{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^5\,\left (\frac {9\,a}{640}-\frac {7\,b}{640}\right )}{d}+\frac {{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^7\,\left (\frac {a}{896}-\frac {b}{896}\right )}{d}-\frac {{\mathrm {cot}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^7\,\left (\left (-93\,a-35\,b\right )\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^6+\left (\frac {37\,a}{3}+7\,b\right )\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^4+\left (-\frac {9\,a}{5}-\frac {7\,b}{5}\right )\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^2+\frac {a}{7}+\frac {b}{7}\right )}{128\,d}-\frac {\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )\,\left (\frac {93\,a}{128}-\frac {35\,b}{128}\right )}{d} \]
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